What Do the Scriptures Teach About the Messiah?
Deuteronomy
18:15*
Midrash Tanhuma (1989 - KTAV, pp. 166-67); John 6:14; 7:40-42
A prophet will the LORD thy God raise up unto thee, from the midst of thee, of thy brethren, like unto me; unto him ye shall hearken.
Isaiah 9:6-7
Pereq Shalom, p. 101; Yemenite Midrash, 349-350; Matthew 1:21; 2:1-11; 21:2-5; 22:42-45; 25:31-34; 27:11; 27:37; Luke 2:21; 19:37-38; 42-44; John 1:1; 18; 49; 5:19; 10:30; 12:13-16; 14:27; 16:33; 18:33-39; 20:28; Acts 10:36; Romans 5:1; 1 Corinthians 15:24-28; Ephesians 2:14-17; Hebrews 1:8; Revelation 17:14; 19:16; 22:16
A child is born will be born to us, a son will be given to us; and the dominion will be upon his shoulder, and his name will be called "Wonderful, Counselor, Mighty God, Eternal Father, Prince of Peace." The dominion will be increased and of peace there will be no end. Upon the throne of David and upon his kingdom, to establish it and uphold it in justice and righteousness from henceforth and forever...
Isaiah 11:1-4
Zohar 2:172b; Talmud Bavli, Shabbat 93b; Matthew 9:6; 10:28; 13:54; 25:31-46; Mark 5:30; 6:2, 7; Luke 2:47, 52; 4:14; 4:36; 5:17; 6:19; 24:45; John 5:22-30; 8:16; 9:39; 1 Corinthians 1:30; Revelation 19:15
A Shoot will come forth out of the stock of Jesse, and a twig shall from his roots: And the spirit of the LORD shall rest upon him, a spirit of wisdom and understanding, a spirit of counsel and might, a spirit of knowledge and of the fear of the LORD. And his delight shall be in the fear of the LORD, and he shall not judge after the sight of his eyes, and not after the hearing of his ears shall he decide. But he shall judge the poor in righteousness and decide with equity for the meek of the land, and shall smite the land with the rod of his mouth and with the breath of his lips shall he slay the wicked.
Isaiah 53
("Our Rabbis affirm with one voice that the prophet is speaking of King Messiah", Rabbi Moishe Al-Shekh, 16th century CE) See also Targum Jonathon ben Uzziel (on Isa. 52:13), Talmud Bavli Sanhedrin 98a, 98b; Midrash Konen Bet HaMidrash 2:29-30; Zohar 2:212a; Pesitka Rabbati, Piska 36:142; Matthew 4:23; 8:16-17; Acts 8:26-39; Romans 10:16; 1 Peter 2:24
Who would have believed our report? And to whom hath the LORD's arm been revealed? For he shot up as a sapling before him, and as a root out of parched earth, he hath neither form nor comeliness that we could see in him; and no appearance that we should desire. He is despised and forsaken of men, a man of pains and acquainted with disease, and as one from whom faces are hidden, despised was he and we esteemed him not. Verily he hath borne our diseases, and our pains; yet we thought him stricken, smitten by God, and afflicted. But he was wounded because of our transgressions, he was bruised because of our iniquities; the chastisement of our welfare was upon him, and with his stripes we are healed. All of us like sheep we went astray; each man turned to his own way; and the LORD inflicted upon him the sins of us all.
Jeremiah
31:31-34*
Pereq R. Yoshiyahu, Bet HaMidrash 6:115; Ecclesiastes Rabbati 11:1; Matthew 26:28; Mark 14:24; Luke 22:20; 1 Corinthians 11:25; 2 Corinthians 3:6; Hebrews 7:18-22; 8:6-13; 10:16-18; 12:24; 13:20
"Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah; "not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day that I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt, forasmuch as they broke My covenant, though I was a lord over them", saith the LORD. "But this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, saith the LORD, I will put My law in their inward parts, and in their heart will I write it; and I will be their God, and they shall be My people. And they shall teach no more every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, `Know the LORD,' for they all shall know Me, from the least of them unto the greatest of them, says the LORD; for I will forgive their iniquity, and their sin will I remember no more."
Daniel
7:13-14
Numbers Rabbati 13:14; Talmud Bavli Sanhedrin 96b-97a; 98a; Targum to 1 Chronicles 3:24; Pirqe Mashiakh, Bet HaMidrash 3:70; 4 Ezra 13:1-9; Matthew 24:27-30; 26:64; Mark 8:38; Luke 9:26; 12:40; 17:24; 18:8; 21:27-28; 22:69-70; Acts 7:56; Revelation 1:13
"I saw in the night visions, and, behold, with the clouds of heaven came one like unto a son of man, and he went to the Ancient One (God), and he was brought near before him. And to him was given dominion and glory and kingship, and all peoples, nations and languages will serve him."
Daniel
9:25-26
4 Ezra 7:27-30; Talmud Yerushalami, Sukkah, 55b; Talmud Bavli, Sukkah 52a; Megillah 3a; Hai Gaon, "Responsum", (10th cent. CE); Matthew 16:21; 26:2; 27:33-50
"Know therefore and discern: from the issuance of the word about the return and rebuilding of Jerusalem until the [coming of] Messiah the prince, seven weeks [shall pass]; and for sixty-two weeks it shall be built again, [with] broad place and moat, but in troublesome times. And after the sixty-two weeks the Messiah will be cut off and be no more; and the city of the Sanctuary shall be destroyed by a people, a prince who shall come. But his end shall be with a flood. And until the end of the war, desolations are determined."
Micah 5:1*
Targum Jonathon (on Micah 5:1); Talmud Yerushalami, Berakhot 5a; Bereshit Rabbati (pp. 130-131); Matthew 2:1-6; Luke 2:4-7; 2:15
"But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, which are little among the thousands of Judah, out of you shall one come forth unto me that is to be ruler in Israel; whose goings forth are from of old, from ancient days."
Zechariah 9:9
Talmud Bavli Berakhot 56b; Sanhedrin 98b; Matthew 21:1-11; Mark 11:2-11; Luke 19:30-38; John 12:14-16
Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion, shout, O daughter of Jerusalem, Behold, thy king cometh unto thee, righteous and victorious is he, lowly, and riding upon a donkey, upon a colt, the donkey's foal.
All Scripture references from Jewish scholar Dr. Raphael Patai's The Messiah Texts Except for (*), taken from The Holy Scriptures, Jewish Publication Society of America, 1955.
Does God have a Son?
Proverbs 30:4
Who has ascended into heaven and descended? Who has gathered the wind in His fists? Who has wrapped the waters in His garment? Who has established all the ends of the earth? What is His name or His son's name? Surely you know!
The Jewish Sages Proclaimed these passages to be Messianic
Zechariah 12:10
And I will pour out on the house of David and on the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the Spirit of grace and of supplication, so that they will look on Me whom they have pierced; and they will mourn for Him, as one mourns for an only son, and they will weep bitterly over Him, like the bitter weeping over a first-born.
Additional Messianic Passages
Be the "seed of
the woman that would "bruise " the serpent's "heel"
Genesis 3:15 Galatians 4:4 1 John 3:8
Be the "seed of
Abraham"
Genesis 12:3 Matthew 1:1 Acts 3:25; Acts 18:18-22; Galatians 3:16
Be the "seed of
Isaac"
Genesis 17:19; Genesis 21:12 ; Matthew 1:2 ; Luke 3:34 ; Hebrews11:17-19
Be the "seed of
Jacob" and the "star out of Jacob" who will "have dominion"
Genesis 28:14; Numbers 24:17,19 ; Matthew 1:2 ; Luke 3:34 ; Revelation 22:16
Be a descendant of
Judah
Genesis 49:10 ; Matthew 1:2-3 ; Luke 3:33 ; Hebrews 7:14
Be a descendant of
David and heir to his throne
2 Samuel 7:12-13 ; Isaiah 9:6-7 ; Isaiah 11:1-5 ; Jeremiah 23:5 ;
Matthew 1:1,6 ; Acts 11:23 ; Romans 1:4
Have eternal existence
Micah 5:1(2) ; John 1:1-14 ; John 8:58 ; Colossians 1:15-19 ; Ephesians 1:3-14 ; Revelation 5:11
Be the Son of God
Psalm 2:7 ; Proverbs 30:4 ; Matthew 3:17 ; Luke 1:32
Have God's own
name,YHVH (Adonai) applied to him
Isaiah 9:5-6(6-7) ; Jeremiah23:5-6 ; Romans 10:9 ; Philippians 2:9-11
Come at a specific
time, 483 yrs.after the rebuilding of the wall of Jerusalem
Daniel 9:24-26 ; Matthew 2:1; Matthew 2:16 ; Matthew 2:19 ; Luke 3:1 ; Luke 3:23
Be born in Bethlehem, in Judah
Micah 5:1(2) ; Matthew 2:1; Luke2:4-7
Be born of a virgin
Isaiah 7:14 ; Matthew1:18-2:1 ; Luke 1:26-35
Be adored by great
persons
Psalm 72:10-11 ; Matthew 2:1-11
Be preceded by one who
would anounce him
Isaiah 40:3-5 ; Malachi 3:1 ; Matthew3:1-3 ; Luke 1:17 ; Luke 3:2-6
Be anointed with the
Spirit of God
Psalm 45:8(7) ; Isaiah 11:2 , Isaiah 61:1 ; Matthew 3:16 ; John 3:34 ; Acts 10:38
Be a prophet like Moses
Deuteronomy 18:15 -18 ; Acts 3:20-22
Have a ministry of
binding up the brokenhearted, proclaiming liberty to the captives and announcing the
acceptable year of the Lord
Have a ministry of
healing the Gospels
Isaiah 35:5-6 ; Isaiah 42:18 ; Matthew 11:5
Have a ministry in the
Galilee
Isaiah 8:23-9:1(9:1-2) ; Matthew 4:12-16
Be tender and
compassionate
Isaiah 40:11 ; Isaiah 42:3 ; Matthew 12:15,20 ; Hebrews 4:15
Be meek and
unostentatious
Isaiah 42:2 ; Matthew12:15-16,19
Be sinless and without
guile
Bear the reproaches due
others
Psalm 69:10 ; Isaiah 53:12 ; Romans 15:3
Be a priest
Psalm 110:4 ; Hebrews 5:5-6 ; Hebrews 6:20 ; Hebrews 7:15-17
Enter publicly into
Jerusalem on a donkey
Zechariah 9:9 ; Matthew 21:1-11 ; Mark 11:1-11
Enter the Temple with
authority
Haggai 2:7-9 ; Malachi 3:1 ; Matthew 21:12-24 ; Luke 2:27-38 ; Luke 2:45-50 ; John 2:13-22
Be hated without cause
Psalm 69:5(4) ; Isaiah 49:7 ; John 7:48 ; John 15:24-25
Be undesired and
rejected by his own people
Psalm 69:9(8) ; Isaiah 53:2 ; Isaiah 63:3 ; Mark 6:3 ; Luke 9:58 ; John 1:11 ; John 7:3-5
Be rejected by the
Jewish leadership
Psalm 118:22 ; Matthew 21:42 ; John 7:48
Be plotted against by
Jews and Gentiles together
Be betrayed by a friend
Psalm 41:9 Matthew 26:21-50 ; John 13:18-21 ; Acts 1:16-18
Be sold for 30 pieces
of silver
Zechariah 11:12 ; Matthew 26:15
Have his price given
for a potters field
Zechariah 11:13 ; Matthew 27:7
Be forsaken by his
disciples
Zechariah 13:7 ; Matthew 26:31,56
Be struck on the cheek
Be spat upon
Isaiah 50:6 ; Matthew26:67 ; Matthew 27:30
Be mocked
Psalm 22:8-9(7-8) ; Matthew 27:31 ; Matthew 27:39-44 ; Matthew 27:67-68
Be beaten
Isaiah 50:6 ; Matthew 26:67 ; Matthew 27:26-30
Be executed by
crucifixion, by having his hands and feet pierced
Psalm22:17(16) ; Zechariah 12:10 ; Matthew 27:35 ; Luke 24:39
John 9:18 ; John 9:34-37 ; John 20:35 ; Revelation 1:7
Be thirsty during his
execution
Be given vinegar to
quench that thirst
Psalm 69:22(21) ; Matthew 27:34
Be executed without
having a bone broken
Exodus 12:46 ; Psalm 24:31(20) ; John 19:33-36
Be considered a
transgressor
Be "cut off, but
not for himself"
Daniel 9:24-26 ; Matthew 2:1 ; Luke 3:1,23
Be the one whose death
would atone for the sins of mankind
Isaiah 53:5-7,12 ; Mark 10:45 ; John 1:29 ; John 3:16 ; Acts 8:30-35
Be buried with the rich
when dead
Isaiah 53:9 ; Matthew 27:57-60
Be raised from the dead
Psalm 2:7 ; Psalm 16:10 ; Isaiah 53:9-10 ; Matthew 28:1-20 ; Acts 2:23-36 ; Acts13:33-37 ; 1Corinthians 15:4-6
Ascend to the right
hand of God
Psalm 16:11; Psalm 68:19(18) ; Psalm 110:1 ; Luke 24:51 ; Acts 1:9-11 ; Acts 7:55 ; Hebrews 1:3
Exercise his priestly
office in heaven
Zechariah 6:1 ; Romans 8:34 ; Hebrews 7:25-8:2
Be the cornerstone of
God's Messianic Believing Community
Psalm 118:22-23 ; Isaiah 28:16 ; Matthew 21:42 ; Ephesians 2:20 ; 1Peter 2:5-7
Be sought after by
Gentiles as well as Jews
Isaiah 11:10 ; Isaiah 42:1 ; Acts 10:45
Be accepted by the
Gentiles
Isaiah 11:10 ; Isaiah 42:1-4 ; Isaiah 49:1-12 ; Matthew 12:21 ; Romans15:10